• Inference 1: Catholic priests faced serious danger from the authorities. Details from source: Campion mentions "I cannot long escape the hands of the heretics" and that he must constantly change name and clothing — showing priests were actively hunted and had to hide their identity.
• Inference 2: There was a willing Catholic community receiving the priests. Details from source: Campion's phrase "the harvest is wonderful great" implies many people were eager to receive Catholic sacraments — suggesting the faith had survived despite the Settlement.

• Level 1 (1–2): Simple comment on one source, no context
• Level 2 (3–5): Evaluates nature/origin/purpose of one or both sources; uses some own knowledge
• Level 3 (6–8): Evaluates both sources using NOP; balanced judgement supported by contextual knowledge; explains both utility and limitations

• Source A (royal proclamation): useful for government's official response and alarm at the Papal Bull, but purpose is intimidation so it may overstate danger; useful for studying government propaganda rather than Catholic behaviour
• Source B (Campion's letter): useful for the experience of missionary priests — first-hand, private, candid; limited as it reflects one man's view, not systematic evidence of the whole Catholic community
• Context: Over 130 priests executed; £20 fines; Babington Plot (1586); the plots show the threat was real but the majority of English Catholics were not active plotters
• Together they are more useful than alone — one gives the government perspective, one the Catholic perspective

• Level 1 (1–2): Simple recall, events listed without links
• Level 2 (3–5): Some analysis of cause and consequence; events partially linked
• Level 3 (6–8): Events coherently linked in a narrative showing cause-and-consequence; both stimulus points plus own knowledge used; clear causal explanation

1. Mary arrived in England (1568) and immediately became a Catholic focus — the Ridolfi (1571) and Throckmorton (1583) plots centred on her
2. The arrival of Jesuits (1580) including Campion intensified government fear of Catholic resurgence — harsher laws followed
3. The Babington Plot (1586): Walsingham used double agent Gifford to intercept coded letters in a beer barrel; Mary's reply approved Elizabeth's assassination
4. Trial and reluctant signing of the death warrant by Elizabeth — she delayed for weeks, fearing the precedent of executing an anointed queen
5. Execution February 1587 — ended the Catholic focus for plots, though provoked the Armada (1588)

• Level 1 (1–4): Simple, one-sided; limited evidence
• Level 2 (5–8): Some analysis; considers more than one factor but with imbalance
• Level 3 (9–12): Analyses Catholic and Puritan threats; compares factors; reaches a supported conclusion
• Level 4 (13–16): Sustained, balanced analysis of multiple factors; nuanced judgement; evaluates relative importance convincingly

• Papal Bull (1570) — made every Catholic a potential traitor
• Multiple assassination plots (Ridolfi, Throckmorton, Babington) — directly threatened Elizabeth's life
• Spanish Armada (1588) — backed by the largest naval power in the world
• Missionary priests kept Catholicism alive — government responded with executions
• The Northern Rebellion (1569) — only internal armed challenge of the reign

• Puritans used Parliament to pressure Elizabeth — a constant drain on royal authority
• Vestments Controversy, Admonition Controversy, Martin Marprelate tracts — escalating radicalism
• Puritan MPs forced debates Elizabeth did not want; some historians argue this was a deeper constitutional threat
• However: Puritans never threatened her life or invited foreign invasion — the Catholic threat was uniquely dangerous in kind

The Catholic threat was unquestionably the more immediate and dangerous challenge — it involved plots to assassinate Elizabeth, foreign armies, and the Pope's authority to release subjects from obedience. The Puritan challenge was serious but constitutional, operating within the political system. However, the Settlement's ultimate success owed much to Elizabeth's ability to manage both: she appeased enough Puritans through tolerating preaching while crushing Catholic plotting through Walsingham's network. The greater danger was Catholic; the greater long-term challenge to the Settlement's character was Puritan.